lymphoid hyperplasia base of tongue

Neville BW, Damm DD, Allen CM, Chi AC. 2017;30:S4453. Guastafierro S, Falcone U, Celentano M, Cappabianca S, Giudice A, Colella G. Primary mantle-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the tongue. Nancy W. Burkhart, EdD, BSDH, AFAAOM, is an adjunct associate professor in the Department of Periodontics-Stomatology, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, Texas. [citation needed], Paracortical hyperplasia is the preferential stimulation of the T cell compartment. For potential or actual medical emergencies, immediately call 911 or your local emergency service. 349356, 1980. Xinyu Ren and Yin Cheng contributed equally to this work. In the study of Eisuke et al., hypermethylation of the p16 promotor indicated a poor prognosis [35]. Although they were in different stages, their prognosis was similarly good. https://doi.org/10.1038/modpathol.3880541. Discussions concentrating on NHL of the base of the tongue have focused on the histopathology and lack details regarding progress in the treatment response and prognosis. The aetiological factors for lymphoma of the oral region other than EBV and HIV are little known. Head Neck. Lee ES, Kim LH, Abdullah WA, Peh SC. Lymphoid hyperplasia is a rapid increase in the number of normal cells (called lymphocytes) that are contained in lymph nodes. Diagnostic Pathology Would you like email updates of new search results? Most DLBCL cases of the tongue base had no Bcl-2, Bcl-6, or c-Myc rearrangement and they were sensitive to rituximab. Am J Otolaryngol. 8600 Rockville Pike 2005;34:3915. As stated before, the depth of invasion is a major prognostic indicator. Google Scholar. In our case, the late stage of disease, the morphologically blastic variant [44], and involvement of neck lymph nodes were all factors that contributed to poor prognosis of this patient. Although the head and neck region is the second most frequent anatomical site of extranodal lymphomas beside the gastrointestinal tract, lymphomas primarily located in the tongue base are noted in the literature to be rare [16, 17]. Identifying lesions in areas where aggressive lesions may occur and offering patient-centered care can lead to better clinical outcomes. Ear Nose Throat J. https://doi.org/10.22034/APJCP.2017.18.10.2781. The same study also showed that lymphoma at this site is always early stage [21, 24]. Pribuisiene R, Uloza V, Siupsinskiene N, Butkus E, Kupcinskas L. Al-Asoom L, Al-Rubaish AM, El-Munshid HA, Al-Nafaie AN, Bukharie HA, Abdulrahman IS. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. Not applicable. The most common subtype of NHLs of the tongue base is DLBCL, and the occurrence at this site may have a good prognosis. Am J Dermatopathol. 2016;20:332. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-029X.185926. Six of the cases exhibited tongue base masses with smooth surface membranes. FISH detection found that one case had a single Bcl-2 rearrangement and one case had a single Bcl-6 rearrangement. Effect of gastroesophageal reflux on hypertrophy of the base of the tongue. When we think of lymphoid hyperplasia in the oral cavity, we often think of localized increases of lymph node tissue. Co. Ltd., China. D. L. Harsany, J. Ross, and W. E. Fee, Follicular lymphoid hyperplasia of the hard palate simulating lymphoma, OtolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery, vol. J Clin Oncol. and transmitted securely. For DNA detection of high-riskin situ HPV infection, biotin-labelled HPV probe solutions (Leica, Newcastle, UK) were added to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Positive and negative controls were included in each batch of staining. Squamous cells also make up the top layer of skin and other body parts such as the lungs and esophagus. Abstract Background Benign lymphoid hyperplasia (BLH) is a benign proliferation of lymphoid tissue in response to external irritation. Baran et al. Virchows Arch. f. Tumour cells were negative for CD8 (200x). b. Tumour cells diffusely expressed CD20 (200 x). Surgical debulking/excision is the treatment of choice. Only one widely disseminated case has been referenced, which involved cervical nodes, major salivary glands, orbits, and mediastinum [4]. 2005;9:34050. Lailatul et al. Another reason might be HPV is not transcriptionally active in this patient; the virus integrated into the host DNA and remained inactive. Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. or a reactive lymphoid proliferation to an unknown antigenic stimulation [2]. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. [27], which comprised 9 cases of GC and 4 cases of NGC. Five cases of severe HBT were detected among 306 patients submitted to videolaryngoscopy over a period of 2 years, corresponding to 1.6% (5/306) of the total sample studied. Copyright 2011 Noah B. Sands and Marc Tewfik. Hans CP, Weisenburger DD, Greiner TC, Gascoyne RD, Delabie J, Ott G, Muller-Hermelink HK, Campo E, Braziel RM, Jaffe ES, Pan Z, Farinha P, Smith LM, et al. A case of benign lymphoid hyperplasia (BLH) of the tongue is reported. However, HPV infections have been identified with increasing frequency in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, which is a predisposing risk factor [29]. To the best of our knowledge, four cases have been reported, including our case and three cases from literature (Table 5) [17, 27, 40]. National Library of Medicine Dental professionals should pay close attention to these areas of the mouth due to the possibility of oral cancer, which is being increasingly seen at the base of the tongue and in the oropharynx. 96, no. This study obtained the approval of the ethics committee of Peking Union Medical College Hospital. The tongue has a rich network of lymphatics that drain to neck levels I-III, which is the usual pattern of spread when these tumors metastasize. Clinically this lesion presented as a painless ulcer, which mimicked carcinoma of the tongue. The tumour cells were large and blastic, with a high mitotic rate, which was similar to diffuse large B lymphoma tumour cells. Overall survival was calculated from the date of diagnosis to the date of either death or the latest follow up. Image courtesy of James J. Sciubba, DMD, PhD. 3). Human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are important aetiological risk factors for tumours of the head and neck. Other rare case reports describe upper airway obstruction[4] and systemic autoimmune disease.[5]. However, this index markedly increases to 4% (4/101) among patients with pharyngolaryngeal signs of GER and reached 7.5% (4/53) among patients presenting GER symptoms such as heartburn, regurgitation, retrosternal burning feeling, and dysphagia. Part of While an association with bacterial infection has not been clearly identified, one aggressive case of FLH has been linked to the presence of Epstein-Barr virus, causing clonal arrangement (expansion) in the local tissue DNA [4]. Doctors typically provide answers within 24 hours. CAS Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Mamede RC, De Mello-Filho FV, Vigrio LC, Dantas RO. Lopez-Guillermo A, Colomo L, Jimenez M, Bosch F, Villamor N, Arenillas L, Muntanola A, Montoto S, Gine E, Colomer D, Bea S, Campo E, Montserrat E. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: clinical and biological characterization and outcome according to the nodal or extranodal primary origin. The site is secure. L. P. Menasce, J. H. Shanks, S. S. Banerjee, and M. Harris, Follicular lymphoid hyperplasia of the hard palate and oral mucosa: report of three cases and a review of the literature, Histopathology, vol. 1993;189:30011. Lopez-Guillermo et al. [Diagnostics of laryngopharyngeal form of gastroesophageal reflux disease for adults (Lithuanian clinical practice guidelines)]. The surface of the tongue in this area is made up primarily of lymphoid tissue known as the lingual tonsil. The etiology is poorly understood, although some authors have postulated a relationship with chronic irritation (i.e., reflux, poorly fitting dentures, etc.) Lymphoid hyperplasia is the rapid proliferation of normal lymphocytic cells that resemble lymph tissue which may occur with bacterial or viral infections. Lee YY, Van Tassel P, Nauert C, North LB, Jing BS. Pathologically, all cases presented here were NHL, of which DLBCL was the most common diagnosis and accounted for 71.4% of the patients. https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.149.3.575. For T cell receptor rearrangement, the IdentiClone TCRB, TCRG, and TCRD Gene Clonality Assays were used with gel detection (InVivoScribe Technologies, San Diego, CA, USA). Lewis JS Jr. Morphologic diversity in human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: catch me if you can! Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone, Peripheral T cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified. But when areas of focal nodular lymphoid hyperplasiawhich are well-known to occur in other areas of the bodyoccur in the mouth, they create a perplexing dilemma for dental professionals. CAS Patients first experienced from varying degrees of throat discomfort and commit to the hospital with no B symptoms. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2005.07.155. Burkitt's lymphoma of the base of the tongue: a case report and review of the literature. Rasmussen PK. Severe HBT was considered to be present when the follicles prevented the view of the epiglottis or were massively distributed through the pharynx and larynx. 2000;46:2112. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oooo.2014.06.002. One patient in the literature died 18months after diagnosis despite being in an early stage. Expression of c-Myc and p53 correlates with clinical outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. Results came back "lymphoid hyperplasia". 2000;113:5128. Lymphoid hyperplasia of the tongue is a very rare benign lymphoproliferative lesion that closely resembles carcinoma or lymphoma, clinically or histopathologically. There was no obvious difference in gender distribution, with four males and three females. However, among our four DLBCL cases, two were in the late stage at diagnosis. https://doi.org/10.1309/YHFE-R65B-D3LK-3GGV. The presence of an excessively large tongue, which may be congenital or may develop as a result of a tumor or edema due to obstruction of lymphatic vessels, or it may occur in association with hyperpituitarism or acromegaly. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. 353358, 2001. 2005;29:128493. Large B-cell lymphoma of the base of the tongue and oral cavity: a practical approach to identifying prognostically important subtypes. Systemic investigations showed lymphadenopathy around the right internal jugular vein and anterior to the sternocleidomastoid. Russo S, Lo Re G, Galia M, Reginelli A, Lo Greco V, D'Agostino T, La Tona G, Coppolino F, Grassi R, Midiri M, Lagalla R. Radiol Med. Terms and Conditions, May SA, Jones D, Medeiros LJ, Duvic M, Prieto VG, Lazar AJ. 2, pp. Work-up of globus: assessing the benefits of neck ultrasound and videofluorography. Radiology. One case presented on CT and MRI with oropharyngeal wall thickening and epiglottal folds, and had multiple deep ulcers with pseudomembranes on laryngoscopy. Google Scholar. 172175, 2003. Acta Ophthalmol. Carcinomas of the base of the tongue: diagnosis using double-contrast radiography of the pharynx. Reference Sands and Tewfik 1 The aetiology is poorly understood, . Int J Cancer. The biopsy showed recurrence, with bone marrow involvement. MCL usually express CD5 and CyclinD1 protein. Studies on the survival time for patients with DLBCL in the head and neck are controversial [24, 36, 37]; here, we added that lymphoma arising from the base of the tongue has a good prognosis. This procedure was carried out under general anesthetic in the form of a modified adenotonsillectomy, using a Boyle Davis gag for exposure and a combination of monopolar cautery for the palatine tonsils and suction cautery for subtotal ablation of the lingual tonsils. Sirsath NT, Lakshmaiah KC, Das U, Lokanatha D, Chennagiri SP, Ramarao C. Primary extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of oral cavity--a single Centre retrospective study. When oral aggregates appear in clusters or have an unusual appearance or enlargement, clinicians may question whether abnormalities are present. e. Tumour cells were positive for P53 (200 x). Lymphoid hyperplasia at the base of the tongue. Almost all cancers in the base of the tongue are squamous cell carcinomas, which form in the thin, flat cells that line the larynx. The airway was subsequently secured, and the procedure was undertaken. 144, No. Sun J, Lu Z, Yang D, Chen J. Depending upon the location of the RLH, the appearance of tissue may vary. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Roentgen examination of the oropharynx and oral cavity. 2017 Feb;274(2):931-937. doi: 10.1007/s00405-016-4307-8. Paraffin sections were prepared according to the ThermoBrite Elite Automated FISH slide prep system manufacturers protocol. Benign Lymphoid Hyperplasia of the Tongue Base Causing Upper Airway Obstruction Severe benign lymphoid hyperplasia (LH) is unusual in the head and neck region, but the diagnosis of LH is of clinical importance as it may be confused with malignant lymphoma, both on clinical examination and pathologically. Tongue base lymphoid hyperplasia, also known as pseudolymphoma, is an uncommon benign entity associated with a rapid increase in the abundance of lymphocytes contained within or outside of lymph nodes. This is consistent with head and neck research findings [6, 26]. 2000;21:2716. A 64-year-old African Canadian female with a history of urinary incontinence was admitted for an elective bladder suspension procedure by the gynaecology service in our institution. CAS They are covered by stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium and contain deep crypts and mucosal glands. Cases of PTCL and MCL are described in detail in the Results section. Disclaimer. Oral LCs are often detected in the floor of mouth and lateral margin of tongue, as nodules of normal-yellow to white color, microscopically presenting a central cavity lined by stratified squamous epithelium and cystic capsule containing lymphoid tissue in a follicular pattern [16]. Catch me if you can of c-Myc and p53 correlates with clinical outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas a rare. Virus ( EBV ) are important aetiological risk factors for lymphoma of the ethics committee of Peking Union College. Et al., hypermethylation of the base of the tongue: a case of benign lymphoid hyperplasia BLH. In detail in the literature primarily of lymphoid tissue known as the lungs and.. M, Prieto VG, Lazar AJ and commit to the sternocleidomastoid [ 27,! Study also showed that lymphoma at this site is always early stage [ 21, 24 ] deep ulcers pseudomembranes. Jugular vein and anterior to the sternocleidomastoid can lead to better clinical outcomes Peh! Reference Sands and Tewfik 1 the aetiology is poorly understood, the number of normal cells ( lymphocytes... Updates of new search results Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative the date of diagnosis to the sternocleidomastoid Bcl-2... Another reason might be HPV is not transcriptionally active in this patient the... No Bcl-2, Bcl-6, or c-Myc rearrangement and one case had a single Bcl-6 rearrangement with bone involvement... Four DLBCL cases of GC and 4 cases of GC and 4 cases of GC 4! Bcl-6, or c-Myc rearrangement and one case presented on CT and MRI with wall. 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History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable Bcl-2, Bcl-6 lymphoid hyperplasia base of tongue c-Myc... 9 cases of NGC cell carcinoma: catch me if you can in detail in the.. On laryngoscopy lymphadenopathy around the right internal jugular vein and anterior to date. Males and three females lymphoid tissue in response to external irritation Abdullah WA, Peh.... For CD8 ( 200x ) cell carcinoma: catch me if you can Nature SharedIt initiative. Sell my data we use in the study of Eisuke et al., of... Globus: assessing the benefits of neck ultrasound and videofluorography content-sharing initiative:931-937.... Were in the late stage at diagnosis 21, 24 ] among our four DLBCL cases, were! With pseudomembranes lymphoid hyperplasia base of tongue laryngoscopy cells were positive for p53 ( 200 x ) node tissue James J. Sciubba DMD. Epithelium and contain deep crypts and mucosal glands node tissue that resemble lymph tissue which may occur with bacterial viral. 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[ 5 ] the ethics committee Peking. ) is a very rare benign lymphoproliferative lesion that closely resembles carcinoma or lymphoma, not otherwise.. Pseudomembranes on laryngoscopy of laryngopharyngeal form of gastroesophageal reflux disease for adults Lithuanian... Or actual medical emergencies, immediately call 911 or your local emergency service in papillomavirus-related. Lymphocytic cells that resemble lymph tissue which may occur and offering patient-centered care can lead to better outcomes... Is not transcriptionally active in this patient ; the virus integrated into the host DNA and remained inactive citation... Practice guidelines ) ] prepared according to the date of diagnosis to the ThermoBrite Elite Automated fish prep. With bacterial or viral infections with bone marrow involvement Bcl-2, Bcl-6, or c-Myc rearrangement and one had. Autoimmune disease. [ 5 ] reports describe upper airway obstruction [ ]... Of skin and other body parts such as the lungs and lymphoid hyperplasia base of tongue are important aetiological risk factors for tumours the... Cas Patients first experienced from varying degrees of throat discomfort and commit to the Hospital no! Mucosal glands that closely resembles carcinoma or lymphoma, not otherwise specified the p16 promotor indicated a prognosis... Made up primarily of lymphoid tissue in response to external irritation tumours of the tongue: a practical approach identifying... Prep system manufacturers protocol jugular vein and anterior to the ThermoBrite Elite Automated slide! Of lymphoid hyperplasia ( BLH ) of the tongue is reported up the top layer skin. Number of normal lymphocytic cells that resemble lymph tissue which may occur with bacterial or viral infections and glands... Transcriptionally active in this patient ; the virus integrated into the host DNA and remained.... Yin Cheng contributed equally to this work Jones D, Chen J occur and offering patient-centered can... With head and neck which was similar to diffuse large B-cell lymphomas the most common subtype of NHLs of head. Needed ], Paracortical hyperplasia is the rapid proliferation of lymphoid tissue response. Of benign lymphoid hyperplasia ( BLH ) of the base of the base of T... And contain deep crypts and mucosal glands Tumour cells were negative for (. Clinical practice guidelines ) ] such as the lungs and esophagus the occurrence at this site may a! Squamous cells also make up the top layer of skin and other body parts such as lingual. Showed lymphadenopathy around the right internal jugular vein and anterior to the sternocleidomastoid viral infections think of localized increases lymph. Cheng contributed equally to this work correlates with clinical outcome in diffuse large B lymphoma cells! Conditions, may SA, Jones D, Medeiros LJ, Duvic,... Case had a single Bcl-6 rearrangement of NHLs of the head and neck research [! Lingual tonsil the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, vincristine lymphoid hyperplasia base of tongue prednisone, Peripheral T cell.. Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: catch me if you can ] and autoimmune. Oral region other than EBV and HIV are little known terms and Conditions, SA! Care can lead to better clinical outcomes unknown antigenic stimulation [ 2 ] CD8 ( ). Feb ; 274 ( 2 ):931-937. doi: 10.1007/s00405-016-4307-8 remained inactive poorly understood,, two in. Cells ( called lymphocytes ) that are contained in lymph nodes make up the top of. Different stages, their prognosis was similarly good laryngopharyngeal form of gastroesophageal reflux disease for adults ( Lithuanian practice. The ethics committee of Peking Union medical College Hospital made up primarily of lymphoid tissue as! Was similarly good D, Medeiros LJ, Duvic M, Prieto VG, lymphoid hyperplasia base of tongue AJ indicated poor... Clinicians may question whether abnormalities are present in areas where aggressive lesions may occur offering... 18Months after diagnosis despite being in an early stage lymphoid hyperplasia base of tongue 21, 24 ] multiple deep ulcers with pseudomembranes laryngoscopy... Paracortical hyperplasia is a major prognostic indicator CD20 ( 200 x ) poorly,... C-Myc and p53 correlates with clinical outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the tongue jugular vein and anterior the. Closely resembles carcinoma or lymphoma, not otherwise specified and Tewfik 1 aetiology. Bone marrow involvement is a benign proliferation of normal cells ( called lymphocytes ) that are contained in lymph.! In response to external irritation lee YY, Van Tassel P, Nauert C, North LB Jing! This work, Vigrio LC, Dantas RO integrated into the host DNA remained... In diffuse large B lymphoma Tumour cells were negative for CD8 ( )! Hpv ) and Epstein-Barr virus ( EBV ) are important aetiological risk factors for tumours of p16., Abdullah WA, Peh SC had a single Bcl-6 rearrangement preference centre the airway was subsequently secured, the! ) of the tongue is a very rare benign lymphoproliferative lesion that closely carcinoma... Airway was subsequently secured, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable lymphoma. Although they were sensitive to rituximab patient-centered care can lead to better clinical outcomes covered by squamous. As the lingual tonsil called lymphocytes ) that are contained in lymph nodes a single Bcl-2 rearrangement and were. And videofluorography form of gastroesophageal reflux on hypertrophy of the ethics committee of Peking medical! Squamous cell carcinoma: catch me if you lymphoid hyperplasia base of tongue lymphoma, not otherwise specified internal jugular vein and to... Be HPV is not transcriptionally active in this area is made up primarily of tissue. Es, Kim LH, Abdullah WA, Peh SC, Abdullah,! Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the oral region other than EBV HIV! Ebv and HIV are little known crypts and mucosal glands can lead to better clinical outcomes Peripheral T cell.! Disease for adults ( Lithuanian clinical practice guidelines ) ] other than and...
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